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Cover Stories

• Homogeneous Lean Burn Engine Combustion System Development – Concept Study

  To achieve superior efficiency in combination with high performance and low emissions, Toyota Motorsport and FEV Europe have realized an ultra- lean spark ignition combustion process in a joint concept development project. Targets of 46% net indicated efficiency and specific power of 103kW/ l have been initially set and successfully achieved by combining different key technology features as described in this publication.

• Synthetic Fuels in Large Engines – How Internal Combustion Engines Become CO2- Neutral

  The combustion engine, and in particular the diesel engine, is already regarded by some as an outdated model. As an alternative, electric drives in particular are considered - supplied with electricity by batteries or fuel cells. Such a view, however, is too short- sighted for an industry – for example the shipping industry – in which from a purely physical point of view, today's battery technologies can only be a supplement, but not an alternative to classic marine combustion engines.

• Low Pressure Exhaust Gas Recirculation for small displacement SI Engine

  Low Pressure Exhaust Gas Recirculation offers parallel to feed gas NOx reduction a potential fuel economy improvement for SI engines. This joint article by Pierburg GmbH and Ford Research & Innovation Center Germany portrays the control possibilities offered by LP- EGR application using a dynamic simulation environment. The basis for the simulations is a large database generated by a Design- of- Experiment procedure.

• Experimental Investigations on High Pressure Gasoline Injection up to 800 bar for Different Combustion Modes

  At the Chair of Internal Combustion Engines at the Technical University of Munich in collaboration with Hitachi Europe GmbH, the influence of extreme injection pressures on the engine and emission performance was investigated for different combustion modes. Therefore, a conventional diesel injector was equipped with an optimized nozzle, which promises an improved mixture formation for both homogenous and stratified operation.

• Influence of Combustion Chamber Deposits on Wall Heat Losses

  Deposits in the combustion chamber of combustion engines have a decisive influence on the wall heat transfer and thus on the operating conditions under certain circumstances. Above all, the change in thermal conductivity as a function of the operating point is of interest. At KIT, the fuel- wall interaction effects were investigated as part of subproject CO2 of the Collaborative Research Center/ Transregio 150.

• The Rolling Diaphragm for Cleaning Blow- by- Gas

  Stricter requirements for blow- by gas cleaning, de- throttling of the intake tract and the use of low- viscosity engine oils push classic passive oil separators in passenger car engines to their physical limits. For this reason, Reinz Dichtungs GmbH from Neu- Ulm, a subsidiary of the US American company Dana Incorporated, has developed an adaptive rolling diaphragm for more efficient blow- by gas cleaning.

• Sub- assembly Resolved Friction Power Losses of Different Engine Concepts

  Using a methodology that combines the potential of real test bench investigations and virtual simulations, Virtual Vehicle has determined the friction conditions in various combustion engines. The detailed tribology comparison between two gasoline engines and a diesel engine shows both the concept and engine differences.

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